In a landmark moment for Somali legal fraternity, Mogadishu University has emerged victorious in the first-ever in-person final of the Somali International Humanitarian Law (IHL) Competition, held in Mogadishu on 11 September 2024. After a tightly contested battle of legal minds, the Mogadishu University team outshone their counterparts from Somali National University, securing their place as Somalia’s representatives at the All Africa IHL Competition that will be held in Nairobi this November.
The courtroom was filled with anticipation as the two finalist teams presented their oral arguments, each tackling a complex fictional case designed to test their knowledge of international humanitarian law. Mogadishu University took on the role of the prosecution, while Somali National University mounted a spirited defense. The arguments were sharp, the rebuttals fiery, and the judges, a panel of legal experts, were visibly impressed by the depth of understanding displayed by both teams.
“We worked tirelessly for two months preparing for this competition. It was definitely challenging at times, but in the end, we won, and I couldn’t be happier,” said Samira Yusuf Adam, a student representing Mogadishu University.
A Historic Event for Somalia
This year’s competition marked a significant milestone—not only because it was held in person for the first time, but 
because it coincided with the 75th anniversary of the Geneva Conventions, the cornerstone treaties of IHL, which all States, including Somalia, are bound to respect.
In the lead-up to the final, five universities from across Somalia submitted written prosecution and defense memorials, with the top two teams— Mogadishu University and Somali National University —advancing to the live showdown. The competition’s aim was clear: promote interest in IHL and provide Somalis students with the unique opportunity to engage with their contemporaries from across the African continent.
In the two previous years, the Somali IHL Competition had taken place virtually due to security challenges and logistical constraints. Despite the difficulties, Mogadishu University claimed victory in 2023 and represented Somalia at the All Africa IHL Competition, where one of their team members, Mohammed Farah, was awarded Best Speaker in the preliminary rounds. In 2022, Hargeisa University took the crown, marking the beginning of what has become a hallmark event in Somalia’s legal calendar.
Congratulations @mohamed_lamaane. Well deserved for your performance. Continue to raise the bar for #IHL in your institution and country. We’re always proud of our alumni.
Such excellent dancing at the end from your team too. https://t.co/hLdqCfu4sg
— ICRC Nairobi Regional Delegation (@ICRC_Nairobi) November 28, 2023
Recognition of Excellence
Samira Yusuf Adam, Mogadishu University
As the dust settled and the judges tallied their scores, it became evident that both teams had given their all. Mogadishu University, who won the competition in 2023 secured victory once again while Somali National University graciously accepted their second-place finish. Samira Yusuf Adam, one of the team members from Mogadishu University was recognized for delivering one of the best oral arguments of the day.
“This competition is about more than just winning,” said Katherine Weir, ICRC’s Legal Advisor and one of the event’s judges. “It’s about fostering an interest in IHL. Both teams showed great talent, and we are confident they will continue to excel in their legal careers.”
Adding, “…we have high hopes for Mogadishu University as they prepare for the All Africa Competition.”
The Road Ahead
As winners of the Somali IHL Competition, Mogadishu University will now prepare for the All Africa IHL Competition in Nairobi, where they will compete against top law students from across the continent. The ICRC will cover the team’s travel and accommodation costs, ensuring they are fully supported as they take on the next challenge.
“We’re excited to represent Somalia in All Africa Competition, and we hope to make our country proud,” said Samira Yusuf Adam.
Both universities had 20 students each take part in an IHL training provided by the ICRC and have also received additional texts to support the teaching of IHL, ensuring that the competition is only one step in their journey in learning about humanitarian law.
A Bright Future for IHL in Somalia
The conclusion of this year’s competition has left a mark on the Somali legal landscape. It’s not just about the students who competed, but about the wider message—that a new generation of Somali lawyers is rising, equipped with the knowledge and passion to advocate for the protection of civilians and uphold the rules of armed conflict.
As the event wrapped up, the excitement lingered in the air. Mogadishu University’s victory is more than just a win for their team—it’s a victory for Somalia and a hopeful sign of what’s to come.
Stay tuned as Mogadishu University prepares for the All Africa competition in Nairobi, while taking a moment to celebrate this remarkable milestone for Somali legal education and IHL.
The Numbers
3
This was the third edition of the Somali IHL Competition, marking the first time a final was held in person.
75
The event coincided with the 75th anniversary of the Geneva Conventions, the cornerstone of international humanitarian law, also known as the law of armed conflict. 2024 also marks the 160th anniversary of the very first Geneva Convention of 1864.
1962
The year Somalia acceded to the Geneva Conventions, committing to uphold the laws of armed conflict.